Update imf

Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen to back a review aimed at ending the International Monetary Fund's policy of charging countries significant surcharges on larger loans that are not repaid quickly.

In a Jan. The letter, a copy of which was viewed by Reuters, said the policy could also increase the risk of sovereign defaults. Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz, a professor at Columbia University, and Kevin Gallagher, who heads the Global Development Policy Center at Boston University, backed the call for reform in a paper published in October, arguing that surcharges hit countries when they could least afford them.

The report notes financial tightening could also be triggered by higher inflation readings in the United States, where unemployment is below 4 percent but markets are pricing in a much shallower path of interest rate increases than the one in the projections of the Federal Open Market Committee. India remains the fastest growing major world economy although its pace of growth is slowing from earlier projections, while China is holding steady at 6.

Growth projections have been revised down for Argentina, Brazil, and India, while the outlook for some oil exporters has strengthened. Public debts, private debts are very high and if financial conditions should tighten unexpectedly this would put a lot of borrowers under strain.

It would create a difficult situation for emerging markets as well. Policy support may be necessary, especially in countries with open output gaps. The IMF continues to recommend that countries take advantage of the current buoyant economic situation to shore up their fiscal positions and prepare for the next downturn, whenever that inevitably hits. On their own, all countries need growth-enhancing structural reforms. In the trade area this is particularly urgent. There is a lot of room to improve the functioning of the global trade system.

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